Follow these simple steps to achieve a fabulous front door that will be the envy of your neighbours:

Choose the right time and place

Some experts recommend laying the door flat on a pair of trestles for decorating. This has some advantages: it’s easier to avoid drips when working on a horizontal surface; with no frame, you can reach every part of the top and bottom edges; and painting the hardware cut-outs is simpler because you won’t have to fit the hinges and handles until afterwards.

On the other hand, doors are heavy, difficult to manoeuvre and take up a lot of space. The trestles might leave contact marks behind; and you will have to wait several hours for the first side to dry before you can paint the second one.

In practice, most home owners prefer to decorate the door in the frame. Wait for a warm day (at least 10°C) with no wind, to avoid dust being blown on to the wet paint. Don’t work in strong sunlight as the paint may blister. Wedge the door open before you start, and place some cardboard underneath to catch drips.

Prepare properly

If your door is supplied unfinished, begin by lightly sanding it all over with a fine grit sandpaper, before wiping down with a damp cloth to remove dust. Stick masking tape around the edges of any glass panels to stop them getting splashed. Some doors come with a protective plastic film over the glass which can be peeled away after installation, but you may want to use masking tape as an extra precaution.

Buy good brushes

Use good quality brushes with natural bristles. A cheap brush is a waste of time – the paint won’t flow from it properly and it is likely to keep shedding hairs while you work. A 100mm (4″) brush is a good size for large surfaces, as it offers good coverage but won’t get too heavy when filled with paint. You will find a 25mm (1″) brush handy for cutting in (painting into the corners) and tackling intricate areas such as beading and cut-outs.

Before you start, gently flick and pull the bristles to dislodge any loose ones, then rinse the brush in clean water. This will not only get rid of dust, but also help prevent paint from drying on the bristles. Avoid using a new brush for the first time on the top coat – always ‘break it in’ on an undercoat.

If you would rather not have brush marks on your door, try a high density foam mini roller. This lets you cover panels quite quickly, and will produce a smoother finish than a brush. You can turn the roller on its end to get into corners and tight spaces.

Prime thoroughly

Unless you have ordered a pre-primed door, you will have to apply a stain-blocking primer – ideally two coats – to provide a base for the rest of your paint work. Pay special attention to the top and bottom of the door, which are particularly vulnerable to water penetration.

Apply primer equally all over on both sides, not forgetting the cut-out holes for hardware. This will seal the timber and keep incoming moisture to a minimum, preventing swelling (which can make the door stick on the frame). Conversely, it will also help stop the door from drying out and shrinking in hot weather.

Take care with top coats

Once the base coat has dried you can get to work on the first top coat. Start with the edges of the door, so you can get rid of any paint ridges when you tackle the main face. If the two sides of the door are going to be decorated in different colours, paint the outer edge (by the handle) to match the inside of the door, and the hinged edge to match the outside.

Unless it’s a flush door, you will now need to paint the edges of each panel, followed by the face. On large flat expanses, brush or roll up and down, then from side to side, and finally up and down again to spread the paint out evenly and prevent runs. Smooth out drips straight away before they set hard.

Use at least two coats of good quality exterior grade paint. If your door is engineered and veneered, check first that the paint is suitable for this type of construction. Acrylic latex paint is highly recommended, as it will flex with the timber and help prevent cracking. Choose from matt, satin, semi-gloss or gloss finishes. Allow to dry according to the manufacturer’s instructions – normally between four and six hours.

After each coat has dried, lightly sand the entire door with fine grit sandpaper and wipe with a damp cloth to remove dust. This will provide the smoothest possible base for the next coat, and help you achieve a professional-looking finish.

Leave ample time for the door to dry before use. It would be a great shame, after all your hard work, if paint stuck to the frame because it hadn’t fully dried.

To sum up…

A decent decorating job can’t be rushed, so don’t skimp. After all, the door is going to be there for years. Take your time, plan properly, and with a bit of effort you can make your neighbours really jealous.

Required Items

- Following items are required to paint your steel door:
- Soap and water for cleaning
- Paint scraper
- Painting supplies, such as brushes or rollers
- Tarp
- Sandpaper
- 2 sawhorses
- Rags
- Tools to remove door hardware
- Masking tape
- Primer and paint

Steps

1. Prepare the area where you want to paint your door. Take a tarp and lay it down to keep your floor free from any paint marks. Place two sawhorses covered with rags to prevent any marks on the door.

2. Before painting the door, you have to take away all the hardware from the door. These include handle, doorknockers, locks, hinges and weatherstripping as well. Lay the door carefully onto the sawhorses.

3. Examine the door thoroughly and remove any dents or damaged areas if present. Take a paint scraper and scrape off the old paint from the door.

4. Clean the door with mild soap and water from both sides and let it dry for sometime.

5. Take a sand sponge or medium type sand paper and sand down the entire door lightly. Don’t apply force that might cause scratches to the door.

6. If your door contains and windows or glass or any such area, cover them with masking tape to prevent any paint stains on them.

7. Apply primer to the door surface. Two coats of primer are enough. You can use aerosol primer, brush or sprayer to apply primer on the door surface. Before applying the second coat make certain that the first coat is dried completely.

8. Once the primer is applies, apply paint to the door. You can use paint brush, sprayer or roller for your convenience. You need to apply two coats of paint on the door. Apply first coat and let it dry for some time and apply the second coat.

9. Let the paint dry completely. Reinstall all the hardware parts. Put back the locks, knobs, hinges and weatherstripping.

Points to Remember

- Before applying new paint, make sure you have repair all the damaged areas. If you left them unrepaired, they will soon spoil and damage your new paint and further deteriorates the condition of your door.
- Always do the paint job in well ventilated area and use breathing mask.

Incorporate the natural beauty of Indo Spanish vintage doors studded with iron nails and old world architectural design of the outdoors, into interiors, seamlessly blending huge teak wood veranda gates and solid carved wood columns with rough timber walls and natural wood ceilings, and arched windows. Enjoy rustic sophistication in the secluded mountains of Utah.

The cozy warmth of a log cabin designed with magnificent cusped arches has a very dramatic feel. The plank floors, an Anglo Indian carved wood railing, peeled patina rustic door cabinets lend a vintage sophistication to the entrance, which leads to the living room in the gorgeous Colorado Ranch Cabin. A tribal Indian Manjoosh or kitchen chest with iron cladded door and carved horse heads is enchanting in its earthy red patina. A Buddha bust sits atop with mala beads in amethyst and Lapiz Lazuli reminding you to take some time out for meditation and self improvement.

Using reclaimed woods and natural distressed handmade furniture we are being environmental conscious, opting for recycled materials through out the Idaho lodge. The holistic renovation retained the original logs and also salvaged dying trees on the farm for posts, the wood floors and panelled walls. Rustic and eclectic vintage trunks studded with iron nails and straps gives the grounding element to the living room removing harmful ions and making the energy positive.

The 5,000-square-foot log house on Long Island, New York, features an antique Indian double door with iron horse shoes and an elaborate header carved with fishes and peacocks. The triple arch veranda encases the bay windows, rustic old world architectural design at its best. The hand loom cotton throws are used to upholster the plush sofas. Printed by hand in vegetable dyes they are totally in sync with Nature and have a minimal carbon footprint. Hand Woven cotton textiles are good for Mother Earth, our climate and are all natural. The bathroom vanity is repurposed from a console that is made from salvaged doors. Reclaimed old woods add to the rustic beauty of the decadent cabin, merging luxury with conscious design.

In this review, we examine some pertinent and extant academic literature on effective adverse selection and moral hazard optimal mitigation strategies. Each mitigation strategy has costs and benefits. Therefore, the objective function is to maximize the net benefit of mitigation strategies. In practice, the optimal risk mitigation strategy equates marginal costs to marginal benefits by minimizing the incidence of adverse effects derivative of decision failures and maximizing the profit producing capacity of the enterprise.

Adverse selection and moral hazard are terms used in risk management, managerial economic and policy sciences to characterize situations where one party to a market transaction is at a disadvantage due to asymmetric information. In market transactions, adverse selection occurs when there is a lack of symmetric information prior to agreements between sellers and buyers, while moral hazard occurs when there is asymmetric information between the two parties and material changes in behavior of one party after agreements have been concluded.

For example, adverse selection arises in any situation in which one party to a contract or negotiation, possesses material information relevant to the contract or negotiation that the other party lacks; this asymmetric material information leads the party lacking relevant and material information to make decisions that cause it to suffer adverse effects. Therefore, adverse selection occurs when one party makes decisions without all the relevant material information, which changes the risks allocation between the parties to the transactions.

When one party has access to better or material relevant information than the other party during a transaction, it is said that one has asymmetric information. Therefore, when a party has asymmetric information, they may make an adverse selection. Adverse selection arises when the actual risk is substantially higher than the risk known at the time the agreement was reached. One party suffers adverse effects by accepting terms or receiving prices that do not accurately reflect actual risk exposure. The consequences of asymmetric information may be exacerbated by bounded rationality and cognitive biases attendant to most competitive use of information. Conversely, moral hazard occurs when a party conceals or misrepresents material relevant information and changes behavior after the agreement is concluded and is shielded from the consequences of the risks emanating from material change in behavior.

Economic and policy sciences suggest the decision makers must not only know, but indeed, understand and anticipate consequences of asymmetric information to mitigate risks of adverse effects attendant to adverse selection and moral hazard. There are classic examples from academia and insurance industry.

Non-selective academic programs attract a disproportionate number of students whose previous academic background and profile make them higher risk for academic success, retention, graduation, and placement. Indeed, this is a classic case of adverse effects derivative of adverse selection and moral hazard.

For example, non-selective admission process combines recruitment and selection which results in adverse selection. And once admitted, refusal to attend classes, refusal to complete assignments, refusal to take notes in classes, critical listening, disruptive and inattentive conduct in classes are instances of post-enrollment moral hazard that make non-selective students a higher risk for retention, graduation and placement. Please note, it is not the change in behavior per se that causes moral hazard in this instance. It is the discounted consequences from changed behavior that gives rise to moral hazard.

There is gathering evidence that some of these non-selective academic programs are increasingly willing to accept higher risks derivative of adverse selection and moral hazard because their operating budget is enrollment driven. Therefore, in the short-run enrollment is a more pressing need than retention, graduation and placement rates. The focus on enrollment is necessary but short-sighted and misguided because in practice, these benchmarks and indices are interrelated, circular and cumulative.

In the insurance industry, insured healthy females in child bearing age and healthy middle-aged females who subsequently seek creative ways to get pregnant present adverse selection and moral hazard problems. Further, insurance applicants whose actual risks are substantially higher than the risks known by the insurance company are potentially interesting case studies. The insurance company suffers adverse effects by offering coverage at premiums that do not accurately reflect its actual risks exposure.

Risks Mitigation Strategies and Some Practical Guidance

Please consult with competent professional for specific advice. The following are general guidelines based on review of extant academic literature, cumulative professional practice and best industry practices. In sum, adverse selection and moral hazard derivative of asymmetric information expose parties to transactions to undue amounts of higher risks for which they are not adequately and appropriately compensated. Therefore, it is essential for parties to take all the steps possible to mitigate risks of adverse effects derivative of asymmetric information and the attendant decision failures.

Managerial economic principles and best industry practices suggest screening and sorting to mitigate adverse selection, and incentive contracts to mitigate moral hazard. Additionally, strategic intelligence systems (SIS) that provide relevant, accurate and timely identification and quantification of risk factors is strongly recommended.

In risk management, the use of aggregate limits of liability and policy riders that proscribe post-contract material unilateral actions, and caps aggregate financial risks to parties is strongly recommended. Further, dispositive disclosure, discovery, monitoring, random inspection, and verification are highly recommended.

Finally, because adverse selection derives from hidden characteristics and profiles and moral hazard derives from hidden actions, the decision systems and strategic intelligence systems must be transparent and provide relevant, accurate and timely information to facilitate decisions based on known probability of risks incidence and allocation between the parties to the transactions with due and appropriate compensation.

When you come across a game of craps, there’s a good chance that it will employ the standard rules. However, variations on craps do exist, and the following are some of the most common:

Simple Craps – In this basic version of the game, the player wins on a roll of 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, and 12. If a 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 is rolled, the player loses.

High Point Craps – A player wins if they get an 11 or 12 on their first roll. If a 2 or 3 are thrown on the initial roll, the dice are returned to the player for another try. Any number from 4 to 10 can be established as the point, and the player must exceed that total on their next roll.

Crapless Craps – The player can’t lose on the come out roll, but the only automatic winner is the 7. Since the house edge is nearly quadrupled, most experienced players avoid this game.

Die Rich Craps – A single die is used in this version of the game, and the player wins on the come out roll by getting a 6. The pass line bet loses on a 1, and the numbers 2 through 5 establish the point. The player then gets three rolls to make the point, and the payout fluctuates with the number of rolls. Rolling a 1, however, always results in a loss.

Chuck a Luck – Three dice are rolled from a shaker, and players wager on a number from 1 to 6. The bettor wins according to how many times their chosen number comes up on the roll. While it’s closer to sic bo than craps, novice players may confuse the two.

New York Craps – There are several differences in the rules, but the biggest is that Come and Don’t Come wagers aren’t allowed. This variant can be found on the East Coast, as well as certain parts of Europe.

Best Craps Bets

If you want to reduce the casino advantage as low as possible, stick with the following wagers.

Pass Odds- If the come-out roll results in a 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10, the player can take odds by wagering a set multiple of the pass line bet. This new wager wins if the point is made, and it pays at the following odds: 2:1 for a 4 or 10; 3:2 for a 5 or 9; and 6:5 for a 6 or 8.

Don’t Pass Odds – Like the previous wager, except this time the player is betting on a 7 to be rolled after the point has been established. Pays 1:2 against a 4 or 10; 2:3 against a 5 or 9; and 5:6 against a 6 or 8.

Worst Craps Bets

Craps at US casinos provide a lot of fun betting options, but some of them are heavily slanted in favor of the house. If you want to gamble smart, always avoid the following wagers:

Any 7 – Pays 4:1if the shooter rolls a 7. Unfortunately, the house edge is 16.67%.

World – Pays 26:5 if a 2 or 12 are rolled and 11:5 on a 3 or 11. If a 7 comes up, the result is a push. The house edge is 13.33%.

The Art of Dice Control

If you’re playing craps games online, this won’t be an option. For the land-based player, however, dice control is an interesting strategy that’s intended to negate the random nature of the game. The player positions the dice in his hand and tosses them in such a way that they graze the back wall instead of bouncing off.

Casinos frown on dice control, so hours of practice are needed to perfect its execution. Some Gamblingpedia.org experts argue that it’s impossible to determine the outcome of the roll with any consistency, although there are players who claim over 100 throws in a row using this method.